\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, g\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c c\u1ea1nh tranh k\u00e9m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c trong khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1i Lan, Campuchia…; nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea1o ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea1nh tranh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt; ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp chung v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u1ea1o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cao. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 t\u1eadp chung nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, lai t\u1ea1o ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00faa b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng n\u00fai cao, trung du, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 ven bi\u1ec3n; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra cho Qu\u1ea3ng Nam ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y l\u00faa phong ph\u00fa v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a 80 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa thu th\u1eadp t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam c\u00f3 49 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa thu\u1ed9c lo\u00e0i ph\u1ee5 Japonica<\/em>, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00faa n\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfm 52,5%. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f3a h\u1ed3 trung b\u00ecnh. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng amylose c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb 3,1- 22%, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 l\u00faa n\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfm 52,5%. Thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 18,7% m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m. T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 15 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng amylose th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 20%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 20 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb SSR tr\u00ean 80 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa v\u00e0 6 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 120 alen kh\u00e1c nhau, s\u1ed1 alen \u0111a h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i locut dao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 9 alen (trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t 6,0 alen\/locut), ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n 01 alen \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 Ba ka chah (S\u0110K17520) t\u1ea1i locut RM44. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111a h\u00ecnh di truy\u1ec1n PIC thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c locut SSR bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 0,49 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,86, trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t 0,72.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 0,72 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,88; \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n 72%, c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chia th\u00e0nh 2 nh\u00f3m; c\u00f3 3 c\u1eb7p gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n cao nh\u1ea5t (0,88). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u01a1m (aromatic<\/em>) c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n