\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, n\u01a1i ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y h\u1ecd R\u00e1y trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 khoai m\u00f4n – s\u1ecd. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ngu\u1ed3n gen khoai m\u00f4n – s\u1ecd \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 cao 1m cho \u0111\u1ebfn 1500m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n [1]. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 kh\u00e1c, c\u00e2y khoai m\u00f4n s\u1ecd (Colocasia esculenta <\/i>(L.) Schott) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba thu\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam [5]. <\/b>Tr\u1ed3ng Khoai m\u00f4n s\u1ecd t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0 B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh, Ninh B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i thu nh\u1eadp cao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t [3]. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, do s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ecb ho\u00e1 \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng khoai m\u00f4n – s\u1ecd 2 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh qu\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n \u0111i. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu th\u1eadp, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen khoai m\u00f4n – s\u1ecd b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 canh t\u00e1c, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990 \u0111\u1ebfn nay Trung t\u00e2m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nay l\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ed7 (ex-situ<\/i>) tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 700 ngu\u1ed3n gen khoai m\u00f4n s\u1ecd t\u1ea1i An Kh\u00e1nh, Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean 16.000 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a 115 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c gia. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng khoai m\u00f4n, s\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng trung du v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 4 n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n gen ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n gen. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1n \u00edt c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed h\u01a1n [2]. Vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y khoai m\u00f4n – s\u1ecd v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0u gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u0111a ki\u1ec3u gen, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Khoai m\u00f4n thu th\u1eadp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c.<\/p>\n