\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian qua \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, sinh l\u00fd sinh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (V\u0169 Tuy\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 cs., 1992; Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu C\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cs., 2003; Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thu Ho\u00e0i, 2005; Ph\u1ea1m Anh Tu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 cs., 2008). \u0110\u1ebfn nay, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0 LC93-1, BC12, CH2, CH3, CH 133, CH5\u2026 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung du mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, Trung b\u1ed9, \u0110\u00f4ng Nam b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y nguy\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o, nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a 100 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng B\u1eafc Trung b\u1ed9 (\u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n CH5) theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u00e2y h\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. 100 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t (\u0111i\u1ec3m 1) qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 th\u1eddi Thanh H\u00f3a (S\u0110K 12), T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecf Thanh H\u00f3a (S\u0110K 299), N\u1ebfp L\u1ed1c Thanh H\u00f3a (S\u0110K 325) v\u00e0 M\u00f9a tr\u1eafng Thanh H\u00f3a (S\u0110K 585). Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecf Thanh H\u00f3a (S\u0110K 299), 03 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng CH5 (4,18 t\u1ea5n\/ha) trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n