{"id":3108,"date":"2021-09-15T11:36:04","date_gmt":"2021-09-15T04:36:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prc.org.vn\/?p=3108"},"modified":"2021-11-19T16:44:15","modified_gmt":"2021-11-19T09:44:15","slug":"ben-trong-ngan-hang-gen-giu-giong-cho-muon-doi-dan-viet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/?p=3108","title":{"rendered":"B\u00ean trong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen gi\u1eef gi\u1ed1ng cho mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda th\u00e9p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TS Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb Thu Ho\u00e0i – Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng tin T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (An Kh\u00e1nh, Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) b\u1ea3o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c \u00e1o b\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169 tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea7u, qu\u1ea7n b\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea7y, g\u0103ng tay nh\u01b0ng do ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u00e1t n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u00e0n tay t\u00f4i nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5m m\u00e1y c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, c\u00f2n h\u01a1i th\u1edf c\u1ee9 nghi ng\u00fat kh\u00f3i nh\u01b0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa B\u1eafc c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xung quanh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 cao \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u00f3c, ch\u1eadt c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p nh\u00f4m m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u1edf nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c gia hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u01b0u gi\u1eef 28.082 ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u1ee7a 172 lo\u00e0i sinh s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70 – 80 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. V\u00ec kho l\u1ea1nh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n n\u00ean m\u1ed7i gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 4.000 – 8.000 h\u1ea1t (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m gram).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eabu thu v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eafp, h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1edbi 5%, ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i trong bao nh\u00f4m, chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5t \u1edf hai kho, trung h\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 5\u00b0C (b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 30 n\u0103m) v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb \u00e2m 18 \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e2m 20\u00b0C (b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 50 n\u0103m). C\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 4 – 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea5y ra ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng 1 l\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 85% l\u1ea1i \u0111em \u0111i \u201ctr\u1ebb h\u00f3a\u201d nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i ru\u1ed9ng r\u1ed3i nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i kho. Hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn 30 n\u0103m v\u1eabn t\u1ed1t nh\u1edd x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu theo \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf kh\u00e2u h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u1ea1t xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi 5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fac tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, khi th\u1ea5y t\u00f4i t\u1eeb kho l\u1ea1nh toan b\u01b0\u1edbc ra ngay, ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i gi\u01a1 tay ng\u0103n l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3i \u1edf khu trung gian c\u1ee1 20\u00b0C kho\u1ea3ng 10 ph\u00fat k\u1ebbo s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u0103m 1991, khi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi m\u1ea5y kho l\u1ea1nh c\u0169 k\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u1ecdp \u1eb9p. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3ng kho b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, v\u00eanh h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 khung nh\u00f4m khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee9a b\u00ean trong h\u1ecfng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. R\u1ea5t may l\u00e0 m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef k\u00e9p trong hai bu\u1ed3ng kho n\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u gi\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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B\u1eafc thang l\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ee9 m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n kho m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn cho c\u1ed1 PGS.TS Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng Kh\u00f4i – Ph\u00f3 vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, Ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n h\u1ed3i \u1ea5y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ec5 m\u1ec5 b\u00ea m\u1eabu. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kho l\u1ea1nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh vay v\u1ed1n ADB, b\u00e0n giao n\u0103m 2011 v\u1edbi tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 11 t\u1ec9, h\u1ee5t m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1eabu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kho c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n, gi\u1eef m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen gi\u1eef trong kho l\u1ea1nh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang gi\u1eef 3.292 ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a 20 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n nh\u01b0 s\u1eafn, s\u1eafn d\u00e2y, sen, dong ri\u1ec1ng, khoai lang, khoai m\u00f4n, c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gia v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 g\u1eebng, ngh\u1ec7, ri\u1ec1ng… Do kinh ph\u00ed h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef k\u00e9p \u1edf hai n\u01a1i th\u00e0nh ra kh\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo PGS.TS L\u00e3 Tu\u1ea5n Ngh\u0129a – Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y l\u00ean ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn, ch\u00fang v\u1eeba ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, y t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2026 v\u1eeba gi\u1eef m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, h\u1ecd coi ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Ch\u00fang ta g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng kinh ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee1 20 – 30% so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 Trung t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n sao cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gen qu\u00fd… r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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TS Ho\u00e0i \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu.  <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e3ng n\u0103m 1995 – 1999 khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i \u0111i thu th\u1eadp ngu\u1ed3n gen \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i chung, gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa n\u00f3i ri\u00eang r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng t\u1edbi 6 – 7 lo\u1ea1i. Sau h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m quay l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea3 x\u00e3 c\u00f3 khi ch\u1ec9 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 10 gi\u1ed1ng. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee1 h\u01a1n 90%, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa lai Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay lai c\u1ee7a trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho TS Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Qu\u1ef3nh nguy\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen ph\u1ea3i than: \u201c\u0110i m\u00e0 x\u00f3t ru\u1ed9t l\u1eafm Ho\u00e0i \u01a1i! Ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ed1t r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u1eaby, \u0111\u1ecf l\u1eeda kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n khi th\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u0111ua nhau tr\u1ed3ng theo, c\u00f2n gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean b\u1ecf b\u1eb5ng ch\u1eebng 1 n\u0103m l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, li\u1ec1n \u0111em v\u1ee9t. Ngo\u00e0i gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng rau qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i v\u00e0o ch\u1ee3 v\u00f9ng cao c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 to\u00e0n th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng lai, b\u00e0y b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i rau, qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi xu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecm t\u00e1o m\u00e8o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 chua th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ea5y n\u0103m B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 ng\u1ecf \u00fd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng t\u00e1o m\u00e8o<\/a> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ecf v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y m\u00e0 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i, chi kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n, r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, cho qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tra trong s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, TS Ho\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e1ch V\u01b0\u1eddn Qu\u1ed1c gia Bidoup \u1edf N\u00fai B\u00e0, t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng li\u1ec1n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 r\u1ed3i bay v\u00e0o th\u1ea5y th\u00e2n to c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4m ch\u01b0a k\u00edn, qu\u1ea3 g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, g\u1ea5p ba t\u00e1o m\u00e8o th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 Giang \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec, t\u1ea1i Cao B\u1eb1ng \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh c\u0169ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng t\u00e1o m\u00e8o qu\u1ea3 to kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, c\u1ea3 huy\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y c\u00e2y. H\u00f3a ra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y n\u00e0y l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf r\u1eebng, sau \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ph\u00e1t r\u1eebng l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 th\u00ec ch\u00fang s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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C\u00e2y t\u00e1o M\u00e8o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1edf V\u01b0\u1eddn Qu\u1ed1c gia Bidoup.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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T\u00e1o m\u00e8o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1o m\u00e8o th\u01b0\u1eddng. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, anh Ph\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng NN-PTNT huy\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec h\u1ecfi: \u201cCh\u1ecb c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e2y c\u00e0 chua th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng?\u201d. TS Ho\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebft b\u1edfi d\u1ea1o \u1ea5y, n\u0103m 2018 \u0111ang r\u1ed9 l\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m S \u1edf L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng nh\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1ec1 cho d\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng, b\u00e1n m\u1ed7i kg \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00f3t 1 tri\u1ec7u. Ai c\u0169ng \u0111inh ninh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e0 chua th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ebf m\u00e0 anh c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00f4i x\u1ec1nh x\u1ec7ch ch\u1ecb v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0, \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda c\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u00e0 chua th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 cao ng\u1ea5t m\u1ecdc l\u00ean t\u1ef1 bao gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 cho hay \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi do \u00f4ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn d\u00f9ng x\u00e0o hay n\u1ea5u \u0103n ho\u1eb7c cho tr\u1ebb con l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00ec r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p. Khi t\u00ecm t\u00e1o m\u00e8o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 hai c\u00e2y c\u00e0 chua th\u00e2n g\u1ed7, cao h\u01a1n 2m, g\u1ed1c to nh\u01b0 b\u1eafp ch\u00e2n, qu\u1ea3 ra sai tr\u0129u. T\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ed3ng V\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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C\u00e2y c\u00e0 chua th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 Giang <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 sau ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0103n nh\u01b0 rau, qu\u1ea3 c\u00e0 chua th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng ch\u1ebf r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang (\u1edf L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean 500.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/chai) v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n cho nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n du l\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00e1ng m\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y S\u1edf NN-PTNT H\u00e0 Giang sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 huy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i sao n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng t\u00e1o ngon m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1o m\u00e8o qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, TS Ho\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i hoang d\u1ea1i hay c\u00f3 gen ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1t, l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 lai t\u1ea1o cho ra gi\u1ed1ng t\u00e1o v\u1eeba ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecnh c\u1edd n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp t\u00ecnh c\u1edd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2014, TS Ho\u00e0i v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i l\u00faa di, \u0111i m\u1ea5y huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf h\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng c\u0169. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u sang huy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee5y, anh Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng NN-PTNT th\u00f4ng tin: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f2n 1 x\u00e3 l\u00e0 T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nghe, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ebfp xo\u1eafn c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n\u201d. Ch\u1ecb m\u1eebng qu\u00e1 b\u1edfi mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ee5c tr\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng 5 – 6 th\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec chim chu\u1ed9t, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110o\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111ang l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 9 nh\u01b0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u1ea3 c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb9p m\u01a1 m\u00e0ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1t ng\u00e0n 200ha n\u1ebfp xo\u1eafn. T\u00f2 m\u00f2 ch\u1ecb h\u1ecfi anh ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m HTX t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, anh c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cTh\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u1ea1o d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfp c\u00e1i hoa v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u v\u1eabn ngon; th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u00e2y cao, c\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p cho g\u1eb7t tay \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i th\u00e2n th\u00ec t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec7n ch\u1ed5i b\u00e1n, l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n d\u00f9ng cho v\u00e0o b\u00e1t h\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026\u201d. Anh ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c tr\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng qu\u00fd n\u00e0y b\u1edfi sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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N\u1ebfp xo\u1eafn \u1edf H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

May nh\u1edd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 NN-PTNT n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea5y th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, b\u00e0 con th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb9p qu\u00e1, c\u1ee9 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ed3, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u00e9n r\u00fat l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng to mang v\u1ec1. N\u0103m sau g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ecb ta th\u1eadt th\u00e0 khai v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cN\u0103m ngo\u00e1i t\u00f4i \u0103n tr\u1ed9m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 m\u1ed9t \u00edt \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ee9 g\u1ea1 mua cho b\u1eb1ng h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfp xo\u1eafn ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00f2n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1edbi 6 t\u1ea5n\/ha, t\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng khi TS Ho\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ecba, t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu l\u00faa t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eebng h\u1ecdc \u1edf Nh\u1eadt, l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1ec1 l\u00faa, ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i b\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00faa c\u00f3 hai lo\u00e0i ph\u1ee5 l\u00e0 Japonica (l\u00faa Nh\u1eadt, h\u1ea1t tr\u00f2n v\u00f9ng b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, l\u1ea1nh) v\u00e0 Indica (l\u00faa h\u1ea1t d\u00e0i v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi) n\u00ean \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y Nh\u1eadt m\u1edbi b\u1ea3o: \u201cHo\u00e0i \u01a1i, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng Indica th\u00f4i nh\u1ec9?\u201d. Ch\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cEm kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7t Nam nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f2n mi\u1ec1n Trung, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 TS Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Qu\u1ef3nh, nguy\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00faa Japonica \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee1 40% b\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 PGS.TS L\u01b0u Ng\u1ecdc Tr\u00ecnh – nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng T\u00e1m c\u1ee7a Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ebfp ch\u00fang v\u00e0o lo\u00e0i Japonica v\u00e0 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTh\u00f4i ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Japonica m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 Indica n\u00ean th\u1ea3o n\u00e0o khi lai v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng Indica kh\u00e1c c\u1ee9 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ly l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi \u0111em DNA 200 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam sang Nh\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gen, ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng ngo\u00e0i hai lo\u00e0i Japonica, Indica c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u00faa d\u1ef1, l\u00faa di n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u00f3m trung gian n\u1eefa. Hi\u1ec7n trong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 9.000 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00faa d\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gen v\u00ec r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1995 khi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i v\u1ec1 huy\u1ec7n Ngh\u0129a H\u01b0ng, t\u1ec9nh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, thu th\u1eadp ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00faa, kho\u1ea3ng 80% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00faa T\u00e1m. V\u00e0o th\u00ec con g\u00e1i, \u0111i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee9 th\u01a1m ng\u00e1t nh\u01b0 m\u00f9i l\u00e1 n\u1ebfp. \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 thu c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i T\u00e1m xoan, T\u00e1m c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng, T\u00e1m \u1ea5p b\u1eb9\u2026 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n d\u00e2n c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng, ph\u01a1i, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng sau n\u00e0y, khi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng xin ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng trong kho l\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng ch\u0103m b\u00f3n, thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u00fac ch\u00edn t\u00e1m ph\u1ea7n, ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng nh\u1eb9, x\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed1i nh\u01b0ng \u0103n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ngon. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i. (C\u00f2n n\u1eefa<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00ecnh T\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e1o N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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