{"id":3223,"date":"2021-10-08T10:09:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T03:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prc.org.vn\/?p=3223"},"modified":"2021-11-10T10:58:35","modified_gmt":"2021-11-10T03:58:35","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-va-cham-soc-giong-co-ngot-moi-st77","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/?p=3223","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt m\u1edbi ST77"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

TS. Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7, GS.VS.TS Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u00ecnh Long, Th.S Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Thu v\u00e0 PGS.TS L\u00e3 Tu\u1ea5n Ngh\u0129a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt l\u00e0 c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng, m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u00e9o ph\u00ec, huy\u1ebft \u00e1p cao\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt ST77 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: TS. Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7, <\/strong>GS.VS.TS Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u00ecnh Long, Th.S Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Thu v\u00e0 PGS.TS L\u00e3 Tu\u1ea5n Ngh\u0129a,<\/strong> Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 (Pedigree). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u01b0u t\u00fa cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao (tr\u00ean 4 t\u1ea5n\/ha\/n\u0103m), ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RebA tr\u00ean 10% v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea5p. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u00a0gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 ST88 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 2-2,5 t\u1ea5n\/ha\/n\u0103m, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RebA th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea1t 6,5%.\u00a0 Gi\u1ed1ng ST77 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 NN v\u00e0 PTNT ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi cho v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 5140\/QD-BNN-TT ng\u00e0y 31\/12\/2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ed1ng ST77 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb 30 – 55 ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb sau tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e2y cao t\u1eeb 45-70cm. L\u00e1 thu\u00f4n d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f9, m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t. Hoa m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt ST77<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

II. K\u1ef9\nthu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 Th\u1eddi\nv\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi\nv\u1ee5 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng ST77 v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2 Chu\u1ea9n\nb\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00e0y s\u00e2u 25 \u2013 30 cm ,b\u1eeba k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t. L\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ed9ng 1 – 1,1 m. Chi\u1ec1u cao lu\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho\u1ea3ng 10 \u2013 40 cm, r\u00e3nh gi\u1eefa 2 lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng 25 – 30 cm <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3 M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong> M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng 20 v\u1ea1n c\u00e2y\/ha, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 20 cm x 25 cm (h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 20 cm, c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y 25 cm).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2.4  Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho 1 ha: 10 t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng, 250 kg \u0111\u1ea1m sunphat, 300 kg L\u00e2n supe, 100 kg kali clorua. B\u00f3n l\u00f3t 1\/2 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n\nchu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 NPK tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u00f3n v\u00e0o l\u1ea7n thu ho\u1ea1ch\ncu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.5 Ch\u0103m\ns\u00f3c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– <\/em><\/strong>Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eabm cho c\u00e2y, trong 7 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u lu\u00f4n duy tr\u00ec gi\u1eef \u1ea9m cho \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 80-85%. Sau 2 ng\u00e0y phun thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m Tilt Super 300EC, pha 5ml thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi 8 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc, phun 500 l\u00edt\/ha, phun v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ec1u m\u00e1t v\u00e0 phun \u01b0\u1edbt m\u1eb7t l\u00e1.         <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            –\nSau\ntr\u1ed3ng 10 – 15 ng\u00e0y  t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i sinh\ntr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh kh\u1ecfe m\u1ecdc t\u1eeb trong\n\u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e2y con c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ngay trong 30 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u sau tr\u1ed3ng. L\u01b0u \u00fd khi l\u00e0m c\u1ecf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y con. – Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n thu ho\u1ea1ch, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u1edbi x\u00e1o, nh\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch phun ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u00e1 \u0110\u1ea7u Tr\u00e2u 502 (30 : 12 : 10) v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 500 l\u00edt\/ha. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a c\u00e2y c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2.6 Ph\u00f2ng\ntr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ecf\nng\u1ecdt l\u00e0 c\u00e2y d\u1ec5 tr\u1ed3ng, cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt\nkh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00f2ng\ntr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

* B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: <\/em>Tr\u00ean\nc\u00e2y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1m ph\u00e1t\ntri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e1m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong\nkho\u1ea3ng 2 \u2013 18 mm. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u00e2n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0\nv\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1m m\u00e0u n\u00e2u xung quanh c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n, l\u00e0m g\u00e3y c\u00e0nh, xo\u0103n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u00f9n ng\u1ecdn c\u1ecf\nng\u1ecdt, c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 l\u1ee5i d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– <\/em>V\u1ec7\nsinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch t\u00e0n d\u01b0 c\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u00e0 k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Nh\u1ed5 b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u00e2n l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y\nb\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng \u0111em ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfe, s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean th\u0103m ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u01b0 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

–\nKhi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay phun thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m Tilt Super 300EC, pha 5ml thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi 8 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc, phun 500\nl\u00edt\/ha, phun v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ec1u m\u00e1t v\u00e0 phun \u01b0\u1edbt m\u1eb7t l\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.<\/em><\/strong>7<\/em><\/strong> Thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 – Thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng sau tr\u1ed3ng 30-45 ng\u00e0y, l\u00fac chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t cao h\u01a1n 40 cm. C\u00e1c l\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch nhau 30-55 ng\u00e0y. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, t\u1eadp trung thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng.          <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thu ho\u1ea1ch: D\u00f9ng k\u00e9o s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch, c\u1ea7n thu ho\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang r\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e2y lan ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh, sau khi c\u1eaft \u1edf c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd di\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng k\u00e9o c\u1eaft (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Clo ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e2m k\u00e9o).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 c\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TS. Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7, GS.VS.TS Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u00ecnh Long, Th.S Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Thu v\u00e0 PGS.TS L\u00e3 Tu\u1ea5n Ngh\u0129a C\u1ecf ng\u1ecdt l\u00e0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[35],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3223"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3223"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3239,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3223\/revisions\/3239"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}