{"id":473,"date":"2017-02-28T14:29:03","date_gmt":"2017-02-28T07:29:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.prc.maiatech.com.vn\/?p=473"},"modified":"2017-02-28T14:29:04","modified_gmt":"2017-02-28T07:29:04","slug":"ket-qua-nghien-cuu-quy-trinh-ky-thuat-san-xuat-hat-giong-cai-ngong-lang-son","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/?p=473","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3ng L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n
1. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n g\u00f4\u0301c gi\u00f4\u0301ng<\/strong>
\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i Ng\u1ed3ng L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c tr\u00e1ng thu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc theo 3 v\u1ee5, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. Do c\u1ea3i Ng\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o n\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n l\u00e1, qua tuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng phong ph\u00fa, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i th\u00e2n l\u00e1 \u1edf m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n m\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n l\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t.
\n2. Chu\u00e2\u0309n bi\u0323 \u0111\u00e2\u0301t va\u0300 ca\u0301ch ly<\/strong>
\nRau c\u1ea3i Ng\u00f4\u0300ng La\u0323ng S\u01a1n (Brassica juncea (L.) H\u1ecd th\u1eadp t\u1ef1: Brassicaceae tr\u1ed3ng va\u0300 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng t\u00f4\u0301t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c vu\u0300ng \u0111\u00e2\u0301t co\u0301 khi\u0301 h\u00e2\u0323u la\u0323nh, \u0111\u0103\u0323c bi\u00ea\u0323t r\u00e2\u0301t phu\u0300 h\u01a1\u0323p ta\u0323i vu\u0300ng La\u0323ng S\u01a1n. C\u00e2y ca\u0309i Ng\u00f4\u0300ng ke\u0301n \u0111\u00e2\u0301t, y\u00eau c\u00e2\u0300u \u0111\u00e2\u0301t \u0111ai m\u00e2\u0300u m\u01a1\u0303, t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i
\n*\u00a0 V\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m
\n\u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t cao, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e0y b\u1eeba k\u1ef9, s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00f3n l\u00f3t ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai m\u1ee5c 25-30 t\u1ea5n\/ha. L\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng 1,2-1,5 m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. L\u00e0m d\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng m\u01b0a n\u1eafng cho c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp con trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m.
\nGieo c\u00e2y con trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i Ng\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed3ng cho 01 ha trung b\u00ecnh 0,3-0,6 kg, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m kho\u1ea3ng 300 m. Gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed1ng \u01b0\u01a1m n\u01a1i cao r\u00e1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1nh n\u1eafng.
\n* Khu sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t
\nCh\u1ecdn khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i t\u01b0\u1edbi cho b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i trong v\u1ee5 1 (v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f4ng) v\u00e0 ti\u00eau trong v\u1ee5 2 (v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n). \u0110\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt\u00a0 gi\u00e0u m\u00f9n v\u00e0 pH 6-6,5 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t. Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y h\u1ecd th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly: trong v\u1ee5 1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00ec c\u00e2y ch\u01b0a ra hoa nh\u01b0ng trong v\u1ee5 2 c\u00e1ch ly theo TCVN-318-98, v\u1edbi ru\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nguy\u00ean ch\u1ee7ng l\u00e0 1.000 m v\u00e0 500 m v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.
\nN\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n 2 gi\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00f4\u0301ng c\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng m\u00f4\u0323t khu v\u1ef1c th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn ru\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00ea\u0300 kh\u00f4ng gian va\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300i gian nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c khu c\u00f3 c\u00e2y ch\u1eafn gi\u00f3, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1ch ly c\u00e1c ru\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 500-1000 m ho\u0103\u0323c pha\u0309i la\u0300m nha\u0300 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ca\u0301ch ly. Ca\u0301ch ly v\u00ea\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300i gian thi\u0300 b\u00f4\u0301 tri\u0301 th\u01a1\u0300i vu\u0323 tr\u00f4\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ca\u0301c gi\u00f4\u0301ng ra hoa l\u00ea\u0323ch nhau.
\n3. Th\u01a1\u0300i vu\u0323.<\/strong>
\nGieo nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp v\u1ee5 s\u1edbm gieo v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 7 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 9, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12 thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eafp sau tr\u1ed3ng chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4-5 n\u0103m sau. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp g\u1ed3m 2 v\u1ee5: V\u1ee51: tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u00e2\u0301t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng; V\u1ee5 2: giai \u0111oa\u0323n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng
\n\u00a04. Tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u1ee5 1 (S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng)<\/strong>
\n* L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t: Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e2\u0301t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 10-15 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i. t\u00e0n d\u01b0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbp m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh c\u01b0 tr\u00fa trong \u0111\u1ea5t.
\nL\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng 1-1,2 m \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u1ed3ng 2 h\u00e0ng, cao lu\u1ed1ng 15-20 cm t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t. R\u00e3nh r\u1ed9ng 25-30cm tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5.
\n* Gieo ha\u0323t:
\nH\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng n\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng 500C trong 15-20 ph\u00fat \u0111em gieo h\u1ea1t s\u1ebd n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n gieo h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4. H\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp nh\u1ecf, mu\u1ed1n gieo cho \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00ean chia h\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ea1t gieo. T\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eabm lu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo, sau khi gieo ph\u1ee7 h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp tro\/tr\u1ea5u m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 r\u1eafc thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c (s\u00e2u non, b\u1ecd nh\u1ea9y, d\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn, s\u00ean nh\u1edbt, \u1ed1c nh\u00ed\u2026). Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp r\u01a1m m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m. Khi c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7 ng\u00e0y th\u00ec t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ec9a \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 3-4 cm
\nC\u00e2y con c\u00f3 4-5 l\u00e1 th\u1eadt kho\u1ea3ng 20-25 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i, t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00e2y x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng gi\u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111em ra tr\u1ed3ng, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00e2y nghi ng\u1edd m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 1 v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 35.000 c\u00e2y\/ha. Tr\u1ed3ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 50 cm x 40 cm, 1 h\u1ed1c 1 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ru\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.
\n* B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n.
\nT\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho 01 ha (Ba\u0309ng 1) :
\nPh\u00e2n chu\u1ed1ng 25.000 kg +\u00a0 120 kg N-60 kg P2O5-35 kg K2O
\n+ B\u00f3n l\u00f3t: theo h\u1ed1c tr\u1ed3ng: 100% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng +\u00a0 l\u00e2n + 50% kali + 30% \u0111\u1ea1m.
\n+ B\u00f3n th\u00fac:
\n–\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0L\u1ea7n 1: sau ra ng\u00f4i 10-15 ng\u00e0y ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1;
\n–\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0L\u1ea7n 2: khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ea3i l\u00e1 b\u00e0ng 50% \u0111\u1ea1m;
\n–\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0L\u1ea7n 3: khi c\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1n 20% \u0111\u1ea1m+ kali c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i
\nNgo\u00e0i ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f3n th\u00eam ph\u00e2n vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f2a trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 phun ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbi.
\n* X\u1edbi x\u00e1o l\u00e0m c\u1ecf: X\u1edbi x\u00e1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 2-3 l\u1ea7n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a.T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngay sau khi ra ng\u00f4i v\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi gian c\u00e2y b\u00e9n r\u1ec5.
\n* T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc: N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1n 1-2 ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi 1 l\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbi r\u00e3nh th\u1eddi gian 2 l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 01 tu\u1ea7n. N\u00ean duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea5t trong su\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kho\u1ea3ng 60%.
\n* Kh\u1eed l\u1eabn:
\nKh\u1eed l\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh 2 l\u1ea7n, l\u1ea7n 1 khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ea3i l\u00e1 b\u00e0ng; l\u1ea7n 2 khi b\u1eafp \u0111\u00e3 cu\u1ed9n ch\u1eb7t. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y x\u1ea5u, c\u00e2y s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.
\n* Thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u0103\u0301p v\u1ee5 1
\nKh\u1eed l\u1eabn l\u00e2\u0300n cu\u00f4\u0301i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu b\u1eafp, chon c\u00e1c c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng y\u1ebfu, b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, ta \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 sau khi thu b\u1eafp ta ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y n\u00e0y.
\nCh\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe, m\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i Ng\u1ed3ng L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, d\u00f9ng dao s\u1eafc ch\u1eb7t v\u00e1t s\u00e1t cu\u1ed1ng b\u1eafp, tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m d\u1eadp n\u00e1t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec9nh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a m\u1ea7m hoa \u1edf v\u1ee5 2.
\n5.\u00a0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 2 (giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1ed3ng va\u0300 ha\u0323t)<\/strong>
\nTr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ru\u1ed9ng tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 1, sau khi thu b\u1eafp, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vun l\u1ea1i lu\u1ed1ng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m, b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh. C\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0, l\u00e1 b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, l\u00e0m c\u1ecf v\u00e0 vun g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.
\nTi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eb7m b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 khuy\u1ebft c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn du\u0323ng \u0111\u1ea5t.
\nB\u00f3n ph\u00e2n:
\nLi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho rau Ca\u0309i Ng\u00f4\u0300ng La\u0323ng S\u01a1n
\n\"\"
\n+ T\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho 01 ha vu\u0323 2 :
\nPh\u00e2n chu\u1ed1ng 10.000 kg +\u00a0 80 kg N-40 kg P2O5-30 kg K2O
\n+ Ca\u0301ch bo\u0301n:
\n– L\u1ea7n 1: sau thu b\u0103\u0301p 1-2 ng\u00e0y bo\u0301n toa\u0300n b\u00f4\u0323 ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1, l\u00e2n va\u0300 50% N, 30% Kali (K\u00ea\u0301t h\u01a1\u0323p do\u0323n v\u00ea sinh, vun g\u00f4\u0301c va\u0300 tr\u00f4\u0300ng d\u0103\u0323m…);
\n– L\u1ea7n 2: khi c\u00e2y chu\u00e2\u0309n bi\u0323 no\u0309 hoa bo\u0301n 25% \u0111\u1ea1m, 30% Kali;
\n– L\u1ea7n 3: khi c\u00e2y n\u01a1\u0309 hoa \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c 80%, bo\u0301n 25% \u0111\u1ea1m+ kali c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i
\nC\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u0103m s\u00f3c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 1.
\nV\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n khi c\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ra hoa, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 k\u1ebft h\u1ea1t \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0i th\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 ong \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n b\u1ed5 sung.
\nKh\u1eed l\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e2y ra hoa. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng, c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc. Khi c\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ng\u1ed3ng th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m d\u00e0n cho c\u00e2y t\u1ef1a, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 r\u1ee5ng hoa, r\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t l\u00e9p. M\u1ed7i c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 3-4 ng\u1ed3ng hoa \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t m\u1ea9y, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1eaft b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh x\u1ea5u ra mu\u1ed9n.
\n\u00a06. Thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3, t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n<\/strong>
\nS\u1ef1 ch\u00edn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean b\u00f4ng hoa v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1ch v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a. V\u1edbi l\u00fd do n\u00e0y n\u00ean thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng tay. Thu ho\u1ea1ch khi qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn h\u1eb3n tr\u00ean c\u00e2y. Sau khi c\u1eaft c\u1ea3 ch\u00f9m b\u00f3 treo l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 trong t\u00fai l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c treo cao ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 h\u1ee9ng nia, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 10-14 ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eadp t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1ee1, d\u1eadp h\u1ea1t. T\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea1t, s\u00e0ng, x\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch l\u00f4 h\u1ea1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n.
\nL\u00e0m kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n: h\u1ea1t c\u00e2y h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m 3-6 n\u0103m, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi 50% v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 6%. Khi l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 450C.
\n7. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i<\/strong>
\nRau c\u1ea3i Ng\u00f4\u0300ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb. Tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng rau th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu sau: B\u1ecd nh\u1ea9y (Phyllotreta striolata), s\u00e2u \u0103n t\u1ea1p (Spodoptera litura), s\u00e2u t\u01a1 (Plutella xylostella), s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c ng\u1ecdn (Hellula sp.), b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y con (do Pythium sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Sclerostium sp.), b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i b\u1eb9 (Sclerostium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia sp.) B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n vi khu\u1ea9n (Erwinia carotovora). Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.
\n* Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c:
\n+ Lu\u00e2n canh: \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u00ean lu\u00e2n canh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c h\u1ecd nh\u01b0: x\u00e0 l\u00e1ch, rau d\u1ec1n, m\u1ed3ng t\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c rau gia v\u1ecb … t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean lu\u00e2n canh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2y h\u1ecd ho\u00e0 th\u1ea3o nh\u01b0: b\u1eafp, l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n.
\n+ Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e2u non b\u1ecd nh\u1ea9y s\u1ed1ng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.
\n+ M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 gieo tr\u1ed3ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i: Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng qu\u00e1 d\u1ea7y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh d\u1eadp n\u00e1t, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u00e1
\n+ V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng: L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf trong ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ecf b\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, sau thu ho\u1ea1ch n\u00ean gom \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00e1c t\u00e0n d\u01b0.
\n*\u00a0 Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 l\u00fd
\nTh\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee9ng s\u00e2u \u0103n t\u1ea1p, s\u00e2u t\u01a1, b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n … c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng tay b\u1eaft gi\u1ebft nh\u1ed5 b\u1ecf c\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan. C\u00e1c c\u00e2y, l\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh khi nh\u1ed5 b\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng v\u1ee9t \u1edf ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1edd m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n gom \u0111\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 ch\u00f4n c\u00f3 r\u00e3i v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, hay \u0111em \u1ee7 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.
\n*\u00a0 Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sinh h\u1ecdc
\n\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i (nh\u1ec7n, ong k\u00fd sinh, b\u1ecd r\u00f9a \u0103n s\u00e2u…) c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng. Ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e2u non b\u1ecd c\u00e1nh ph\u1ea5n n\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c vi sinh g\u1ed1c Bacillus thuringiensis c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, ri\u00eang v\u1edbi b\u1ecd nh\u1ea9y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c Nicotine (n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e2m th\u00e2n l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1), Rotenone (thu\u1ed1c c\u00e1) phun tr\u1eeb.
\n*\u00a0 Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:
\nF Tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i:
\nTrong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u1ea7n tr\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn tha h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c Basudin 10H (15-20g\/10m2).
\n\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb b\u1ecd nh\u1ea9y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc gieo b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecd nh\u1ea9y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c g\u1ed1c l\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00fac t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p theo khuy\u1ebft c\u00e1o.
\nF Tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i:
\n\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo n\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c sau \u0111\u00e2y: Rovral 50 WP, Viben-C 50 WP, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f9ng 5kg\/1kg h\u1ed9t.
\nV\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y con: Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n phun m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c: Moceren 25 WP (15g\/8 l\u00edt), Rovral 50WP (20g\/8 l\u00edt), Ridomil MZ 72 WP (15g\/8 l\u00edt).
\nB\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i b\u1eb9: d\u00f9ng Moceren 25 WP (25g\/8 l\u00edt), Rovral 50 WP (20g\/8 l\u00edt), Ridomil MZ 72 WP (15g\/8 l\u00edt).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u0169 V\u0103n T\u00f9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n g\u00f4\u0301c gi\u00f4\u0301ng S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i Ng\u1ed3ng L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c tr\u00e1ng thu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[35],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=473"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":474,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473\/revisions\/474"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}