\u0110\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n \u0111ang l\u00e0 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ven bi\u1ec3n. Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n d\u00e0i 3.260 km. Do \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n d\u00e0i n\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb ph\u00eda th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ven bi\u1ec3n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00f4ng sinh h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eadp trung khai th\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu nh\u1eadp, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u (141-143 ng\u00e0y) \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Khang d\u00e2n 18 (137 ng\u00e0y) t\u1eeb 4-6 ng\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 N\u1ebfp \u1ed0c (143 ng\u00e0y).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 LAI cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng Khang d\u00e2n 18 v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng chu\u1ea9n nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n IR28 \u1edf c\u1ea3 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh, tr\u1ed7, ch\u00edn s\u00e1p. Trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n, N\u1ebfp \u1ed0c, N\u1ebfp N\u00f5n tre c\u00f3 LAI cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (tr\u1eeb A69-1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Spad c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 ch\u00edn s\u00e1p. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ed7 80%, c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Spad cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng (khang d\u00e2n 18). Do c\u00f3 Spad cao h\u01a1n n\u00ean h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chlorophyll trong l\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quang h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ed7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng Chi\u00eam rong v\u1edbi 1816,88 g\/m2 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00edn s\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c thu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao: C\u01b0\u1eddm d\u1ea1ng 1 (47,5 t\u1ea1\/ha), N\u1ebfp \u1ed0c (45,7 t\u1ea1\/ha), A69-1 (39,9 t\u1ea1\/ha); gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p: Chi\u00eam rong (32,7 t\u1ea1\/ha), Khang d\u00e2n 18 (31,7 t\u1ea1\/ha), IR28 (11,6 t\u1ea1\/ha). Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ed1ng C\u01b0\u1eddm d\u1ea1ng 1 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c thu cao nh\u1ea5t (47,5 t\u1ea1\/ha).<\/p>\n\n\n\n