T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng m\u00eda n\u00f3i ri\u00eang l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng m\u00eda m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n, l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trung gian t\u1ea1o ra gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u1ed5 sung, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y m\u00eda lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed3ng m\u00eda tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ng\u00e0nh m\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u1ef9 gen c\u00e2y m\u00eda h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c phong ph\u00fa, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n di truy\u1ec1n. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ngu\u1ed3n di truy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3. N\u0103m 1992 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, n\u00f3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n gen gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi nhau. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ngu\u1ed3n gen di truy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y m\u00eda l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n, chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y m\u00eda, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u2013 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e2y m\u00eda ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ngu\u1ed3n gen r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, phong ph\u00fa, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u00eda qu\u00fd, m\u00eda hoang d\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i hoang d\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n g\u0169i m\u00eda nh\u01b0 m\u00eda qu\u00fd,Saccharum spontaneum<\/em>, Erianthus, Miscanthus<\/em>,… \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, mi\u1ec1n Trung, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nam b\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng m\u00eda m\u1edbi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thu th\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u00eda qu\u00fd, m\u00eda hoang d\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u00eda ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng m\u00eda m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trung gian t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng m\u00eda m\u1edbi v\u1edbi 96 d\u00f2ng lai tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1 cao, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng m\u00eda trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n giao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 10 gi\u1ed1ng m\u00eda cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n