{"id":806,"date":"2017-04-05T09:39:11","date_gmt":"2017-04-05T02:39:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.prc.maiatech.com.vn\/?p=806"},"modified":"2017-07-19T15:40:45","modified_gmt":"2017-07-19T08:40:45","slug":"dac-diem-va-tieu-chi-cua-he-thong-di-san-nong-nghiep-quan-trong-toan-cau-giahs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/?p=806","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GIAHS)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n
\n

Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GIAHS) v\u00e0 Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a GIAHS \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (hay qu\u1ed1c gia). C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a GIAHS \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, (ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ed1c gia). S\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\/ truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi (hay m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia). Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb “c\u00f4ng \u00edch” c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ed1c gia \/ \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo 5 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \/ k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (hay \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m), v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh hay n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec n\u00f3 v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c cho m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt (ho\u1eb7c duy nh\u1ea5t) c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. N\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GIAHS) \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 do h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p. Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\u00a0(1) An ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 sinh k\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 sinh k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba), \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cung c\u1ea5p cho sinh k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 an ninh sinh k\u1ebf cho kho\u1ea3ng hai t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 th\u00f4 s\u01a1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (trang tr\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf) l\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi canh t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn) n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 sau; \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a, tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian cho m\u1ed9t m\u00f9a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00edt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng GIAHS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m xung quanh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, suy tho\u00e1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ee7a GIAHS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gia t\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

(2) \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i<\/strong><\/p>\n

GIAHS \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u b\u1ed9 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 minh h\u1ecda cho c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (hay qu\u1ed1c gia) v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n (lo\u00e0i, gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00f2i), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng hoang d\u00e3, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady GIAHS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (ABGS):<\/em> C\u00e1c ABGS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau: s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i; s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: ngu\u1ed3n gen, lo\u00e0i, h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan; s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 phi sinh h\u1ecdc (\u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc); s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \/ truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i, v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u00edch; v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c ABGS \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00edch \u1ee9ng l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n<\/em>: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i sinh. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a GIAHS l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh quan. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do thi\u00ean tai, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba gieo t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y sang th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mong mu\u1ed1n. C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00ecn chung l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan li\u00ean quan do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean h\u1eefu quan v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng GIAHS l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

(3) C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/p>\n

GIAHS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 gi\u00e1, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tinh x\u1ea3o v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 sinh v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc; c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n c\u00e1c quy ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb l\u1ee3i \u00edch, v.v..<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tri th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong GIAHS l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i chung v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ea3nh quan c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y sang th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c, tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tinh ch\u1ec9nh, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 sinh k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy m\u00f4 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ea3nh quan, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, c\u01b0 d\u00e2n r\u1eebng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. GIAHS c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t s\u1ee3i; c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0: t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

(4) H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p)<\/strong><\/p>\n

GIAHS l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quy ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb l\u1ee3i \u00edch, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, nghi th\u1ee9c, vv. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 tri th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng, quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1edbi, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb), v\u0103n ho\u00e1 (th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, quy\u1ec1n, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9), ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb then ch\u1ed1t th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m h\u1ed9 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \/ th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, nghi l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5, nghi l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i; c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean; c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1eeba k\u1ebf; c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c; c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft; c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7; c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng; vv (phi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3).<\/p>\n

(5) C\u1ea3nh quan n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh quan l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i \/ qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, ru\u1ed9ng b\u1eadc thang, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb mang t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 phi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, tinh th\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 \/ ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i).<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c)<\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (bao g\u1ed3m: D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc \/ gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 di truy\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i, v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i: th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, vi sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/strong> cho ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ed1i \u0111a: T\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a: Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc, v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, vv<\/p>\n

V\u1ed1n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c: S\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u1ed1n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m trong l\u1ee3i \u00edch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a: \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng: T\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng: Duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3nh quan, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai: h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh quan v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sinh k\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan<\/strong> \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \/ \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdcn\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3nh quan c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f3i chung, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 li\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn quan l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (\u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m) v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (\u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 an ninh sinh k\u1ebf, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Do \u0111\u00f3, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (\u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m) n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hay qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cacbon, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Theo ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y ta n\u00ean l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0a ra <\/strong>v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong> GIAHS<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GIAHS) l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m xoay quanh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, suy tho\u00e1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 sinh k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn GIAHSc\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

Khi x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 khi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111e d\u1ecda \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i nh\u1ea5t, do \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb l\u00fd do sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, v\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i trang tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n sinh k\u1ebf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n do \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 GIAHS<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u1edf d\u1ea1ng \u0111a canh ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a 13 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

An ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 GIAHS<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan li\u00ean quan, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2m canh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi con s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh g\u1ea7n 1,4 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. H\u1ecd nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng do t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u00edt ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u1ed1n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 30-50 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea5y, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 GIAHS<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, di c\u01b0, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Ch\u00fang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy tr\u00ec quanh n\u0103m trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

TS. Ph\u1ea1m H\u00f9ng C\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":381,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[38],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=806"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1456,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806\/revisions\/1456"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}