{"id":92,"date":"2016-12-13T23:43:47","date_gmt":"2016-12-13T16:43:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/cms\/?p=92"},"modified":"2016-12-14T15:06:34","modified_gmt":"2016-12-14T08:06:34","slug":"ket-qua-nghien-cuu-bao-ton-nguon-gen-hong-yen-thon-diospyros-kaki-linn-tai-huyen-thach-that-ha-noi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/?p=92","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n (Diospyros Kaki Linn) t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Th\u1ea1ch X\u00e1, huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i…<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng (Diospyros Kaki <\/em>Linn) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u n\u0103m c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u00c1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ngl\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 1000 m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, t\u1eeb H\u00e0 T\u0129nh tr\u1edf ra v\u1edbi kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e2n H\u1eadu (H\u00e0 Nam), h\u1ed3ng H\u1ea1c Tr\u00ec (Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd), h\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t B\u1ea3o L\u00e2m (L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n), h\u1ed3ng vu\u00f4ng Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0 (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh)…Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Th\u1ea1ch X\u00e1, huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng qu\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.
\nDo qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u1eb9p, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean th\u00f4n v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd g\u00ecn gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i hoa qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat theo th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p duy tr\u00ec ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 hai h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u00e0 In-situ<\/em> (b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u1ed9i vi) v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n Ex-situ<\/em> (B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngo\u1ea1i vi), m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong th\u1eddi gian qua r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n gen thu th\u1eadp, duy tr\u00ec v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a kho c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef,\u00a0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t. S\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n (Frankel v\u00e0 Hawkess, 1975). B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh di truy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef, trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n In situ<\/em> l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea5n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed3n di truy\u1ec1n (Allard, 1970). B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e2y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngo\u1ea1i vi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3, hoa, c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh, c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p\u2026, nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u00a0r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nguy c\u01a1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 sinh th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u tra ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n 188 h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c x\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c 3 huy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t, huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c Oai, huy\u1ec7n Ba V\u00ec v\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e0 B\u1eafc t\u1ec9nh H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh cho th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

– Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng qu\u00fd Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n ngu\u1ed3n gen m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

– Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i nguy\u00ean s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u1edf m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 77 c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

– Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u01b0a m\u1eb7n m\u00e0 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u00e2t gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

– Gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n do th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i d\u1ee5c, ph\u1ee5c tr\u00e1ng n\u00ean n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n gen h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, b\u1ed3i d\u1ee5c, ph\u1ee5c tr\u00e1ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng; song song v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n b\u1ed5 sung ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 n\u00f3i chung cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n trong \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao nh\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng Y\u00ean Th\u00f4n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Th\u1ea1ch X\u00e1, huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":93,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=92"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92\/revisions\/117"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/93"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=92"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=92"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prc.org.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=92"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}